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Epistulae morales ad Lucilium
The ''ラテン語:Epistulae morales ad Lucilium'' (Latin for moral letters to Lucilius) is a collection of 124 letters which were written by Seneca the Younger at the end of his life, during his retirement, and written after he had worked for the Emperor Nero for fifteen years. They are addressed to Lucilius, the then procurator of Sicily, although he is known only through Seneca's writings. Whether or not Seneca and Lucilius actually corresponded, or whether in fact Seneca created the work as a form of fiction, is not clear from the historical record.
==Content==
These letters all start with the phrase "''Seneca Lucilio suo salutem''" ("Seneca greets his Lucilius") and end with the word "''Vale''" ("Farewell"). In these letters, Seneca gives Lucilius advice on how to become a more devoted Stoic. Some of the letters include "On Noise" and "Asthma". Others include letters on "the influence of the masses" and "how to deal with one's slaves". Although they deal with Seneca's eclectic form of Stoic philosophy, they also give us valuable insights into daily life in ancient Rome.
There is a general tendency throughout the letters to open proceedings with an observation of a specific (and usually rather minor) incident, which then digresses to a far wider exploration of an issue or principle that is abstracted from it. In one letter, for instance, Seneca begins by discussing a chance visit to an arena where a gladiatorial combat to the death is being held; Seneca then questions the morality and ethics of such a spectacle, in what is the first record (to our current knowledge) of a pre-Christian writer bringing up such a debate on that particular matter. Underlying a large number of the letters is a concern with death on the one hand (a central topic of Stoic philosophy, and one embodied in Seneca's observation that we are "dying every day") and suicide on the other, a particularly key consideration given Seneca's deteriorating political position and the common use of forced suicide as a method of elimination and marginalisation of figures increasingly deemed to be oppositional to the Emperor's power and rule.
Seneca also frequently quotes Publilius Syrus during the Epistles, such as during the eighth moral letter, "On the Philosopher's Seclusion".〔''Moral letters to Lucilius'', Letter 8〕
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